Cuando falta el Equipo de Protección Personal para los trabajadores de la salud durante los brotes de COVID-19conclusiones del Grupo de trabajo catalán COVID-19

  1. Seco-Orriols, Julia 1
  2. Rovira-Puig, Marina 2
  3. Roviró-Aliguer, Berta 3
  4. Salmen-Navarro, Acran 4
  5. Rosal-López, Gustavo Adolfo 5
  6. Orriols, Rosa M. 6
  1. 1 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
    info

    Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/052g8jq94

  2. 2 Challenge-driven Accessible Research-based Mobile European University, Barcelona
  3. 3 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona
  4. 4 New York University
    info

    New York University

    Nueva York, Estados Unidos

    ROR https://ror.org/0190ak572

  5. 5 PrevenControl
  6. 6 Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona
Montrer des affiliations +
Revue:
Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales

ISSN: 1138-9672,  1578-2549

Année de publication: 2022

Volumen: 25

Número: 4

Pages: 379-395

Type: Article

DOI: 10.12961/APRL.2022.25.04.04 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales

Résumé

Objectives: Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study is to ensure risk-based protection when there is a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE). Materials and methods: At the beginning of the pandemic, it was suggested that PPE were necessary to protect HCWs from COVID-19. However, given supply shortage, PPE had to be replaced in some situations. Three levels of protection were established depending on the risk level of exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Best practices were reviewed and analysed, and subsequently implemented in all hospitals in Catalonia. As the first COVID-19 wave progressed, we became more knowledgeable with the behaviour of the virus, so PPE procedure tables and algorithms were modified and adapted to the changing scenarios. After airborne transmission was demonstrated as the main route of the virus transmission, we emphasized new measures to ensure respiratory tract protection. Results: Three general tables were established based on low, medium, and high risk of infection for HCWs. These three scenarios are a subgroup of the very high-risk category, according to OSHA’s pyramid of SARS-CoV-2 risk characterization. The most appropriate PPE for each task or job were identified and alternatives were given amid the shortage of PPE. Conclusions: Specific PPE are required for the healthcare sector. Many studies on PPE are based on the characteristics of industrial jobs, and do not consider the specificities of the healthcare sector, which requires close and prolonged contact with patients.

Références bibliographiques

  • World Health Organization. Shortage of personal protective equipment endangering health workers worldwide [Internet]. News release 3 march 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/03-03-2020-shortage-of-personal-protective-equipment-endangering-health-workers-worldwide
  • Pozas A. El Diario News. Las Mascarillas más caras de España: mala calidad, sobreprecios y mordidas en el Ayuntamiento de Madrid [Internet]. News release 10 de Junio 2022. Available from: https://www.eldiario.es/politica/mascarillas-caras-espana-mala-calidad-sobreprecios-mordidas-ayuntamiento-madrid_1_9061127.html
  • Occupational Safety ad Health Administration (OSHA). Guidance on Preparing Workplace for COVID-19. U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration 3990, [Internet]. 03 2020; 12-16; 18-25. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3990.pdf
  • CISNS, INSST, CNMP, ITSS, SEMST, AEEMT, et al. Procedimiento para los servicios de prevención de riesgos laborales frente a la exposición al SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). 2020; 9 [Internet]. Available from: https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov/documentos/PrevencionRRLL_COVID-19.pdf
  • Servei de Coordinació d’Actuacions de Salut Laboral. Guia d’actuació i col·laboració dels serveis de prevenció de riscos laborals per fer front a la pandèmia de COVID-19. 2021 – Actalitzat 04 de Julio, 2022. Available from: https://canalsalut.gencat.cat/web/.content/_A-Z/C/coronavirus-2019-ncov/material-divulgatiu/guia-serveis-prevencio-riscos.pdf
  • Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo. Resolución de la Secretaría General de Industria y de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa, sobre especificaciones alternativas a las mascarillas EPI con marcado CE europeo [Internet]. Boletín Oficial del Estado «BOE» núm. 77, de 20 de marzo de 2020 Referencia: BOE-A-2020-3945. Available from: Resolución de 20 de marzo de 2020, de la Secretaría General de Industria y de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa, sobre especificaciones alternativas a las mascarillas EPI con marcado CE europeo
  • Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo. Resolución de la Secretaría General de Industria y de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa, referente a los equipos de proteccion individual en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria ocasionada por el COVID-19 [Internet]. Boletín Oficial del Estado «BOE» núm. 115, de 25 de abril de 2020 Referencia: BOE-A-2020-4651. Available from: https://www.boe.es/eli/es/res/2020/04/23/(2) [2] [3]
  • Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo. Resolución de la Secretaría General de Industria y de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa, referente a los equipos de protección individual en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria ocasionada por el COVID-19. Boletín Oficial del Estado «BOE». de 23 de abril de 2020; (115). Available from: https://www.boe.es/eli/es/res/2020/04/23/(2)/con
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommended guidance for extended use and limited reuse of N95 filtering facepiece respirators in healthcare settings. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Upate Sept. 16, 2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/respirators-strategy/index.html#contingency https://drive.google.com/open?id=15Xwk8A8lm2Xm2NWCHnQ-YsTEzhx9nZCt
  • Liang T, et al. Handbook of COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment, simulación y medicina intensiva [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://video-intl.alicdn.com/Handbook%20of%20COVID-19%20Prevention%20and%20Treatment.pdf
  • Siegel JD, Rhinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (CDC). Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings. 2007. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html
  • Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo. Resolución de la Secretaría General de Industria y de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa, sobre especificaciones alternativas a las mascarillas EPI con marcado CE europeo [Internet]. Sección I. Disposiciones generales Boletín Oficial del Estado «BOE» núm. 77, de 20 de marzo de 2020, páginas 26479 a 26480 (2 págs.). Available from: https://www.boe.es/eli/es/res/2020/03/20/(1)
  • World Health Organization. Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (?COVID-19)?: interim guidance, 27 February 2020. World Health Organization. 2020. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331215
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Eye protection for infection control. 2004. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/eye/eye-infectious.html
  • Association of Surgical Technologists. AST Guidelines for Best Practices in Use of Eye Protection During Surgical Procedures. 2017. Available from: https://www.ast.org/uploadedFiles/Main_Site/Content/About_Us/ASTGuidelinesEyeProtection.pdf
La source de données: Dialnet