Radiographic diagnosis of impacted maxillary caninescomparison between two and three dimensions

Resumen

Introduction: An impacted canine is a very common condition and raises several clinical complications. Early and exact diagnosis is important in order to minimise the risks and subsequent complications. The objective of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of two dimensions in the volumetric diagnosis for impacted maxillary canines, using the lines proposed by Alqerban as a reference. Methods: An orthodontic study of the maxilla using orthopantomography with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at the Madrid European University Clinic was performed on 27 patients selected with 36 maxillary impacted canines. Three reference lines were drawn based on the distance from the cusp of the canine to the occlusal plane (L1), to the midline (L2) and to its ideal eruption site (L3), in both the orthopanthomography and the CBCT. As ideal reference values, we selected a control group of 36 erupted maxillary canines. Results: The results were compared in 2 and 3 dimensions using the Student's t test, after verifying their normal distribution using the Anderson-Darling contrast test. Statistical significance (p > 0.05) was not obtained for any of the variables studied. Conclusions: The use of CBCT is vital to ensure good diagnosis of the canine position and its relationship with adjacent structures and thus establish an adequate treatment plan. However, orthopantomography provides sufficient information for initial planning.