La importancia del Biofilm y su eliminación en endodocia

Zusammenfassung

Biofilms are complex systems where bacteria are able to organize, becoming more resistant to the attack of antimicrobials, being very difficult their elimination. Bacteria in nature are found in a 99% forming biofilms, so we have to understand that knowing how to eradicate them will be the key, not only in endodontics, otherwise in all other disciplines. The best way and what are the best endodontic irrigants have been investigated to get the biofilms eradication. The sodium hypochlorite, because of its capability of tissue dissolution, it is able to disorganize the internal structure of biofilms and all the checked studies confirms it as the best endodontic irrigant; passive ultrasonic irrigation, laser and photodynamic therapy, are big allies acting as adjuvants in biofilms eradication. This bibliographic revision helps us to understand how we must get biofilms elimination instead of isolated bacteria; E. faecalis is the most common bacteria found in endodontic failure, having a lot of virulence factors and a high resistance mediated by biofilm creation. Adequate irrigation with sodium hypochlorite and the use of calcium chelants like EDTA will improve the bacterial eradication inside the root canals.