Manejo de tejidos blandos en implantología oralpredictibilidad y contribución a la estética.

Resum

Objective: the purpose of this review is to provide a description and comparative examination of different procedures for soft tissue augmentation, with emphasis on the free gingival graft, subepithelial connective and allograft (Alloderm), reporting data on its usefulness and effectiveness in the reconstruction of the gingival architecture around dental implants. Material and methods: consulting of books and articles of the most prestigious journals of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, obtained through the Medline browser, U.E.M. library and U.C.M. library. Discussion: this discussion review clinical studies of various soft tissue procedures, to assess which one provides greater predictability in implant therapy, considering their advantages and disadvantages. The data were analyzed determined that the IGL gets the best results in gain of keratinized tissue. The subepithelial connective in its various techniques, obtained the highest increase in volume. The Alloderm proved to be a viable alternative to increases in keratinized tissue, sparing the need for a donor site. The incidence of postoperative complications was evaluated for each of the different therapeutic options, with the Alloderm which reported a lower rate of complications. Conclusion: an important aspect of implant therapy is the restoration of the architecture of the emergence profile, which allows for aesthetic restoration of the case. The different surgical procedures reported good short-term clinical results, but longitudinal studies are needed to assess long-term stability of these techniques around implants.