Influencia del tamaño del campo y horario del partido en la respuesta física de equipos de la Segunda División Española de Fútbol

  1. Jaime Gutierrez 1
  2. Julen Castellano 2
  3. David Casamichana 3
  4. Javier Sánchez-Sanchez 1
  1. 1 Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, España
  2. 2 Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), España
  3. 3 Universidad Europea del Atlántico, España
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Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2018

Número: 33

Páginas: 213-216

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar la influencia de las variables situacionales tamaño del campo y horario del partido sobre la distancia total recorrida por partido y los metros completados en diferentes rangos de velocidad de equipos de la Liga de Fútbol Profesional Española. Los 22 equipos de la 2ª División ‘A’ tomaron parte del estudio durante la temporada 2013/2014, dando como resultado 634 registros. Se estudió el comportamiento físico de los equipos por medio del registro de la distancia total recorrida y la completada en cinco rangos de velocidad: distancia recorrida a velocidad parado (DPa) < 2 km/h; distancia recorrida a velocidad caminando (DCa) 2-7.3 km/h; distancia recorrida a velocidad trotando (DTr) 7.3-14 km/h; distancia recorrida a velocidad corriendo (DCo) 14-21 km/h; distancia recorrida a velocidad esprintando (DEs) ≥ 21 km/h. Para ello se utilizó el sistema de seguimiento multicámara computarizado TRACAB (Chyronhego®, Estados Unidos). Los resultados mostraron que los equipos recorrieron más distancia (p<0,05) en un campo grande (CG) que en uno pequeño (CP) (11.905 ± 463 m vs. 11.722 ± 631 m, respectivamente). En el CG se realizaron más metros (p<0,01) en DPa y DCo, pero menos (p<0,05) en DCa que en el CP. El horario del partido sólo mostró diferencias en DCo, siendo mayor (p<0,05) en horario de tarde y noche, respecto al de mañana. Conocer la influencia de variables situacionales en la demanda física podría ser clave para planificar los ciclos de entrenamiento, establecer el plan estratégico pre-partido o afinar los protocolos de recuperación.

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