Estudio Madrid sobre prevalencia y características de los pacientes con patología dual en tratamiento en las redes de salud mental y de atención al drogodependiente

  1. Arias Horcajadas, Francisco
  2. Szerman Bolotner, Nestor
  3. Vega Astudillo, Pablo
  4. Mesías Pérez, Beatriz
  5. Basurte Villamor, Ignacio
  6. Morant Ginestar, María Consuelo
  7. Ochoa Mangado, Enriqueta
  8. Poyo Calvo, Félix
  9. Babín Vich, Francisco de Asís
Revista:
Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

ISSN: 0214-4840

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 25

Número: 2

Páginas: 118-127

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.20882/ADICCIONES.59 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Se valora la prevalencia y características de los pacientes de patología dual (diagnóstico actual de un trastorno mental y de un trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS)): en las redes asistenciales de Salud Mental y Drogodependencias de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se consigue una muestra de 837 sujetos (208 de la red de Salud Mental y 629 de la red de Drogodependencias). Se usó la entrevista MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) y el cuestionario PDQ4+ (Personality Disorder Questionnaire) para la valoración de los trastornos del eje I y II. Se hallaron 517 (61,8%) pacientes con patología dual (un 36,1% en la red de salud mental y un 70,3% en la red de drogas). Al compararlos con el grupo de sujetos con TUS sin patología dual (n=194), había entre los duales menos varones y peor situación laboral, siendo las drogas más consumidas el alcohol y cannabis. Al compararlos con el grupo de trastornos mentales sin uso de sustancias (n=126), encontramos diferencias en todas las características sociodemográficas analizadas y los casos de patología dual son diagnosticados más frecuentemente como trastorno bipolar, agorafobia, trastorno por ansiedad generalizada, trastorno por estrés postraumático, mayor riesgo de suicidio y distintos trastornos de personalidad. Por lo tanto, la presencia de patología dual es elevada en sujetos en tratamiento y presentan unas características diferenciales, tales como mayor riesgo de suicidio y situación laboral precaria que hacen pensar en un peor pronóstico, cuestión a considerar para el desarrollo de recursos asistenciales adecuados.

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