Prevalence of non-responders to exercise-training for improving cardiometabolic and performance outcomes

Resumen

The current PhD dissertation described how the regular and beneficial reported results in ‘mean’ terms from some exercise training modes such as resistant training (RT), high-intensity interval training (HIT) or concurrent training (CT), can promote at inter-individual level some subjects/participants who respond (R) and do not respond (i.e.: subjects who do not change, or that show a worsened response after exercise training) to improve cardiometabolic/performance outcomes, considered non-responders (NR) according to some unexplored environmental/endogenous factors such as a) mode of training, b) different sexual biological maturation , or a high- low-degree level of metabolic disease. This doctoral thesis is based on 4 scientific studies that have been published/accepted for publication in scientific international journals. The first study (Chapter 2) is an experimental study exploring the factor ‘mode of training’ (RT vs HIT) and the prevalence of NR for improving cardiometabolic/performance outcomes. The study 2 (Chapter 3) involves the response to exercise training in schoolchildren eliciting R and NR by a different biological maturation. The study 3 (Chapter 4) explore the R and NR by a different degree level of a common metabolic alteration such as the insulin resistance level and the prevalence of NR. The study 4 (Chapter 5) report the prevalence of R and NR in schoolchildren, including some mediators (i.e.: outcomes that explain the beneficial decreases in the insulin resistance level of children by HOMA-IR) of the HOMA-IR decreases in insulin resistance schoolchildren under two mode of training, and finally, the study 5 (Chapter 6), explore both effects and the prevalence of NR after concurrent training in population at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus using both resistant training and endurance training.