Entrenamiento excéntrico como estrategia para mejorar el rendimiento en el cambio de dirección y el esprint en deportes de equipouna revisión sistemática
- Sergio Jesus Gutiérrez Hernández 1
- Jorge Pérez-Gómez 1
- Hadi Nobari 2
- Jorge Carlos-Vivas 1
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1
Universidad de Extremadura
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2
University of Isfahan
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ISSN: 2341-1473
Ano de publicación: 2020
Número: 14
Páxinas: 43-65
Tipo: Artigo
Outras publicacións en: E-motion: Revista de Educación, Motricidad e Investigación
Resumo
La presente revisión sistemática pretendió revisar el estado de la literatura en relación con los estudios que han analizado los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento excéntrico sobre el rendimiento en el cambio de dirección (COD) y el esprint en deportes de equipo, y explorar cuáles podrían ser las características más adecuadas para conseguir las mayores adaptaciones. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus y Web of Science, incluyendo los artículos publicados hasta el 12 de febrero de 2020. Un total de 11 estudios cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. La muestra de todos los estudios incluidos estaba compuesta por sujetos sanos físicamente activos y practicantes de deportes de equipo, de género masculino, con edad superior a 16 años y, nivel de práctica variado. Los resultados muestran que el entrenamiento excéntrico puede ser una estrategia adecuada para mejorar el COD y el esprint en deportes de equipo. Concretamente, aplicar el método excéntrico durante al menos 5 semanas, con una frecuencia de 2-3 días a la semana podría favorecer las mayores mejoras en el COD. Sin embargo, la heterogeneidad de los protocolos de entrenamiento no permite determinar qué volumen de entrenamiento sería el más idóneo para favorecer mejoras en el COD. Así mismo, aplicar entrenamiento excéntrico durante al menos 5 semanas, con una frecuencia de 1-3 días a la semana y volumen de 1-4 series de 5-16 repeticiones podría favorecer las mejoras en el esprint.
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