Importancia de la nutrición en las estrategias de pérdida de peso en deportes de combate

  1. Mata-Ordoñez, F. 1
  2. Sanchez-Oliver, A. 3
  3. Domínguez-Herrera, R. 2
  1. 1 Nutriscience Spain
  2. 2 Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio
    info

    Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio

    Villanueva de la Cañada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/054ewwr15

  3. 3 Universidad Pablo de Olavide
    info

    Universidad Pablo de Olavide

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02z749649

Mostrar afiliacións +
Revista:
Journal of sport and health research

ISSN: 1989-6239

Ano de publicación: 2018

Volume: 10

Número: 1

Páxinas: 1-12

Tipo: Artigo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Journal of sport and health research

Resumo

El objetivo del presente trabajo de revisión bibliográfica ha sido establecer los objetivos nutricionales y las estrategias dietéticas que pueden optimizar el rendimiento en deportes de combate. Estos incluyen una amplia variedad de disciplinas en los que se requiere lograr una composición corporal óptima, así como desarrollar la capacidad de fuerza y potencia muscular, flexibilidad y un desarrollo de la capacidad anaeróbica y la potencia aeróbica. Por todo esto, alimentación, hidratación y nutrición juegan un papel importante en el desarrollo de los mismos. La selección de artículos se realizó mediante las palabras clave martial arts y wrestling en combinación con los términos rapid weight loss, weight cutting, weigh-in, weight-loss, nutrition, hydration, sport nutrition, supplement, y ergogenic aids en las bases de datos Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed y Web of Knowledge. Con el objetivo de conseguir una composición corporal óptima, los programas de pérdida de peso en deportistas de combate deberían realizarse en base a un programa progresivo en el que se busque reducir el componente graso (evitando métodos de pérdida de peso rápido). Estos deportistas deben cubrir una ingesta de 2 g·kg·día-1 de proteína y de hasta 8-10 g·kg·día-1 en hidratos de carbono, situándose la ingesta de lípidos en un 20-25% de la ingesta energética. Además, el deportista puede optimizar su rendimiento si realiza un plan de hidratación previo, durante y después del esfuerzo. Proporcionar una adecuada alimentación que ayude a controlar los factores limitantes del rendimiento, que facilite una buena recuperación tras los entrenamientos y competiciones, y que ayude a crear unas mejores adaptaciones fisiológicas en pro del rendimiento del deportista de combate se presta de vital importancia

€ Ver financiamento

Información de financiamento

Con el fin de garantizar una igualdad física y promover competiciones más justas, los deportes de combaten se dividen en función del peso corporal en distintas categorías. Esto lleva a que los deportistas, con el objetivo de competir con oponentes de un menor tamaño, recurran frecuentemente a métodos para disminuir su masa corporal previo a la competición (Artioli, Saunders, Iglesias, y Franchini, 2016), con el objeto de aumentar el potencial de éxito en el combate (Kordi, Ziaee, Rostami, y Wallace, 2011). Actualmente, se pone en juicio la legalidad del método, queriendo algunos autores que sea catalogado como doping (Artioli, Saunders, Iglesias, y Franchini, 2016), al cumplir todos los criterios para ser incluido en la lista de la Agencia Mundial Antidopaje (AMA, en adelante) como un método prohibido (Artioli, Saunders, Iglesias, y Franchini, 2016).

Financiadores

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Artioli, G.G., Franchini, E., Nicastro, H., Sterkowicz, S., Solis, M.Y., Lancha, A.H., The need of a weight management control program in judo: A proposal based on the successful case of wrestling (2010) Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 7 (1), p. 15
  • Artioli, G.G., Saunders, B., Iglesias, R.T., Franchini, E., It is time to ban rapid weight loss from combat sports (2016) Sports Medicine, 46 (11)
  • Artioli, G., Iglesias, R.T., Franchini, E., Gualano, B., Kashiwagura, D.B., Solis, M.Y., Lancha Junior, A.H., Rapid weight loss followed by recovery time does not affect judo-related performance (2010) Journal of Sports Sciences, 28 (1), pp. 21-32
  • Benardot, D., Ruiz Gabás, F., (2001) Nutritión para Deportistas de Alto Nivel: Guia de Alimentos, Liquidos y Suplementos para el Entrenamiento y la Competitión. Planes Adaptados a Cada Deporte, , Hispano Europea
  • Berkovich, B.-E., Eliakim, A., Nemet, D., Stark, A.H., Sinai, T., Rapid weight loss among adolescents participating in competitive judo (2016) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 26 (3), pp. 276-284
  • Boguszewski, D., Kwapisz, E., Sports massage and local cryotherapy as a way to reduce negative effects of rapid weight loss among kickboxing contestants (2010) Archives of Budo, 6, pp. 45-51
  • Borsheim, E., Aarsland, A., Wolfe, R.R., Effect of an amino acid, protein, and carbohydrate mixture on net muscle protein balance after resistance exercise (2004) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 14 (3), pp. 255-271
  • Brito, C.J., Roas, A.M.F.C., Brito, I.S.S., Marins, J.C.B., Córdova, C., Franchini, E., Methods of body mass reduction by combat sport athletes (2012) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22 (2), pp. 89-97
  • Burke, L., (2010) Nutritión en el Deporte: Un Enfoque Práctico, , Médica Panamericana
  • Burke, L.M., Cox, G.R., Nutrition in combat sports (2009) Combat Sports Medicine, pp. 1-20. , London: Springer London
  • Burke, L.M., Hawley, J.A., Wong, S.H.S., Jeukendrup, A.E., Carbohydrates for training and competition (2011) Journal of Sports Sciences, 29, pp. S17-S27. , supl
  • Burke, L.M., Kiens, B., Ivy, J.L., Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery (2004) Journal of Sports Sciences, 22 (1), pp. 15-30
  • Casa, D.J., Armstrong, L.E., Hillman, S.K., Montain, S.J., Reiff, R.V., Rich, B.S., Stone, J.A., National athletic trainers' association position statement: Fluid replacement for athletes (2000) Journal of Athletic Training, 35 (2), pp. 212-224
  • (2017) Medallero del Comité Olimpico Espanol, , http://www.coe.es
  • Coufalová, K., Prokešová, E., Malý, T., Heller, J., Body weight reduction in combat sports (2013) Archives of Budo, 9 (4), pp. 267-272
  • Da Silva Santos, J.F., Takito, M.Y., Artioli, G.G., Franchini, E., Weight loss practices in taekwondo athletes of different competitive levels (2016) Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 12 (3), pp. 202-208
  • Felippe, L.C., Lopes-Silva, J.P., Bertuzzi, R., McGinley, C., Lima-Silva, A.E., Separate and combined effects of caffeine and sodium-bicarbonate intake on judo performance (2016) International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11 (2), pp. 221-226
  • Fernández-Elias, V.E., Martinez-Abellán, A., López-Gullón, J.M., Morán-Navarro, R., Pallarés, J.G., De La Cruz-Sanchez, E., Mora-Rodriguez, R., Validity of hydration non-invasive indices during the weightcutting and official weigh-in for olympic combat sports (2014) PLoS ONE, 9 (4)
  • Filaire, E., Maso, F., Degoutte, F., Jouanel, P., Lac, G., Food restriction, performance, psychological state and lipid values in judo athletes (2001) International Journal of Sports Medicine, 22 (6), pp. 454-459
  • Finn, K.J., Dolgener, F.A., Williams, R.B., Effects of carbohydrate refeeding on physiological responses and psychological and physical performance following acute weight reduction in collegiate wrestlers (2004) The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18 (2), p. 328
  • Fogelholm, M., Effects of bodyweight reduction on sports performance (1994) Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 18 (4), pp. 249-267
  • Franchini, E., Del Vecchio, F.B., Matsushigue, K.A., Artioli, G.G., Physiological profiles of elite judo athletes (2011) Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 41 (2), pp. 147-166
  • Franchini, E., Nunes, A.V., Moraes, J.M., Del Vecchio, F.B., Physical fitness and anthropometrical profile of the Brazilian male judo team (2007) Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 26 (2), pp. 59-67
  • Gerlach, K.E., Burton, H.W., Dorn, J.M., Leddy, J.J., Horvath, P.J., Fat intake and injury in female runners (2008) Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5 (1), p. 1
  • Hickner, R., Horswill, C., Welker, J., Scott, J., Roemmich, J., Costill, D., Test development for the study of physical performance in wrestlers following weight loss (1991) International Journal of Sports Medicine, 12 (6), pp. 557-562
  • Hoffman, J.R., Maresh, C.M., Nutrition and hydration issues for combat sport athletes (2011) Strength and Conditioning Journal, 33 (6), pp. 10-17
  • Ivy, J., Portman, R., (2012) Programación Nutricional Deportiva, , (1st ed.). Barcelona: Paidotribo
  • Kato, H., Suzuki, K., Bannai, M., Moore, D.R., Protein requirements are elevated in endurance athletes after exercise as determined by the indicator amino acid oxidation method (2016) PLoS ONE, 11 (6)
  • Kiningham, R.B., Gorenflo, D.W., Weight loss methods of high school wrestlers (2001) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33 (5), pp. 810-813
  • Koral, J., Dosseville, F., Combination of gradual and rapid weight loss: Effects on physical performance and psychological state of elite judo athletes (2009) Journal of Sports Sciences, 27 (2), pp. 115-120
  • Kordi, R., Ziaee, V., Rostami, M., Wallace, W.A., Patterns of weight loss and supplement consumption of male wrestlers in Tehran (2011) Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology, 3 (1), p. 4
  • Kowatari, K., Umeda, T., Shimoyama, T., Nakaji, S., Yamamoto, Y., Sugawara, K., Exercise training and energy restriction decrease neutrophil phagocytic activity in judoists (2001) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33 (4), pp. 519-524
  • Lambert, C., Jones, B., Alternatives to rapid weight loss in US wrestling (2010) International Journal of Sports Medicine, 57 (8), pp. 523-528
  • Lambert, E.V., Speechly, D.P., Dennis, S.C., Noakes, T.D., Enhanced endurance in trained cyclists during moderate intensity exercise following 2 weeks adaptation to a high fat diet (1994) European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 69 (4), pp. 287-293
  • Leydon, M.A., Wall, C., New Zealand jockeys' dietary habits and their potential impact on health (2002) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 12 (2), pp. 220-237
  • Lingor, R.J., Olson, A., Fluid and diet patterns associated with weight cycling and changes in body composition assessed by continuous monitoring throughout a college wrestling season (2010) Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24 (1), pp. 1763-1772
  • Mastaloudis, A., Morrow, J.D., Hopkins, D.W., Devaraj, S., Traber, M.G., Antioxidant supplementation prevents exercise-induced lipid peroxidation, but not inflammation, in ultramarathon runners (2004) Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 36 (10), pp. 1329-1341
  • McNurlan, M.A., Essen, P., Thorell, A., Calder, A.G., Anderson, S.E., Ljungqvist, O., Response of protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle to insulin: An investigation with L-[2H5] phenylalanine (1994) American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 267 (1)
  • Mendes, S.H., Tritto, A.C., Guilherme, J.P.L.F., Solis, M.Y., Vieira, D.E., Franchini, E., Artioli, G.G., Effect of rapid weight loss on performance in combat sport male athletes: Does adaptation to chronic weight cycling play a role? (2013) British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47 (18), pp. 1155-1160
  • Moran, D.S., Heled, Y., Arbel, Y., Israeli, E., Finestone, A., Evans, R.K., Yanovich, R., Dietary intake and stress fractures among elite male combat recruits (2012) Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9 (1), p. 6
  • Morton, J.P., Robertson, C., Sutton, L., MacLaren, D.P.M., Making the weight: A case study from professional boxing (2010) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 20 (1), pp. 80-85
  • Mountjoy, M., Sundgot-Borgen, J., Burke, L., Carter, S., Constantini, N., Lebrun, C., Ljungqvist, A., The IOC consensus statement: Beyond the female athlete triad-relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) (2014) British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48 (1)
  • Nybo, L., CNS fatigue and prolonged exercise: Effect of glucose supplementation (2003) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35 (4), pp. 589-594
  • Oppliger, R.A., Steen, S.A.N., Scott, J.R., Weight loss practices of college wrestlers (2003) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 13 (1), pp. 29-46
  • Pettersson, S., Berg, C.M., Hydration status in elite wrestlers, judokas, boxers, and taekwondo athletes on competition day (2014) International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 24 (3)
  • Pettersson, S., Ekström, M., Berg, C.M., Practices of weight regulation among elite athletes in combat sports: A matter of mental advantage? (2013) Journal of Athletic Training, 48 (1), pp. 99-108
  • Phillips, S.M., Wernbom, M., Augustsson, J., Thomee, R., Bamman, M.M., Petrella, J., Zhang, X., The impact of protein quality on the promotion of resistance exercise-induced changes in muscle mass (2016) Nutrition & Metabolism, 13 (1)
  • Prouteau, S., Pelle, A., Collomp, K., Benhamou, L., Courteix, D., Bone density in elite judoists and effects of weight cycling on bone metabolic balance (2006) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38 (4), pp. 694-700
  • Ransone, J., Hughes, B., Body-weight fluctuation in collegiate wrestlers: Implications of the national collegiate athletic association weight-certification program (2004) Journal of Athletic Training, 39 (2), pp. 162-165
  • Reale, R., Slater, G., Burke, L.M., Acute-weight-loss strategies for combat sports and applications to olympic success (2017) International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12 (2), pp. 142-151
  • Reljic, D., Feist, J., Jost, J., Kieser, M., Friedmann-Bette, B., Rapid body mass loss affects erythropoiesis and hemolysis but does not impair aerobic performance in combat athletes (2016) Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 26 (5)
  • Reljic, D., Jost, J., Dickau, K., Kinscherf, R., Bonaterra, G., Friedmann-Bette, B., Effects of pre-competitional rapid weight loss on nutrition, Vitamin status and oxidative stress in elite boxers (2015) Journal of Sports Sciences, 33 (5)
  • Rodriguez, N.R., DiMarco, N.M., Langley, S., Position of the American dietetic association, dietitians of Canada, and the American college of sports medicine: Nutrition and athletic performance (2009) Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109 (3), pp. 509-527
  • Rossi, L., Goya, R., Matayoshi, M., Pereira, C., Silva, J., Nutritional evaluation of taekwondo athletes (2009) Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, 3 (2), pp. 159-166
  • Rouveix, M., Bouget, M., Pannafieux, C., Champely, S., Filaire, E., Eating attitudes, body esteem, perfectionism and anxiety of judo athletes and nonathletes (2007) International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28 (4), pp. 340-345
  • Sawka, M.N., Burke, L.M., Eichner, E.R., Maughan, R.J., Montain, S.J., Stachenfeld, N.S., American college of sports medicine position stand. Exercise and fluid replacement (2007) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39 (2), pp. 377-390
  • Smith, M.S., Dyson, R., Hale, T., Harrison, J.H., McManus, P., The effects in humans of rapid loss of body mass on a boxing-related task (2000) European Journal of Applied Physiology, 83 (1), pp. 34-39
  • Stellingwerff, T., Cox, G.R., Systematic review: Carbohydrate supplementation on exercise performance or capacity of varying durations1 (2014) Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 39 (9), pp. 998-1011
  • Stöhr, E.J., González-Alonso, J., Pearson, J., Low, D.A., Ali, L., Barker, H., Shave, R., Dehydration reduces left ventricular filling at rest and during exercise independent of twist mechanics (1985) Journal of Applied Physiology, 111 (3), pp. 891-897. , (Bethesda, Md.:
  • Tabben, M., Chaouachi, A., Mahfoudhi, M., Aloui, A., Habacha, H., Tourny, C., Franchini, E., Physical and physiological characteristics of high-level combat sport athletes (2014) Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 5 (1), pp. 1-5
  • Thornton, J.S., Frémont, P., Khan, K., Poirier, P., Fowles, J., Wells, G.D., Frankovich, R.J., Physical activity prescription: A critical opportunity to address a modifiable risk factor for the prevention and management of chronic disease: A position statement by the Canadian academy of sport and exercise medicine (2016) British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50 (18), pp. 1109-1114
  • Van Loon, L.J., Saris, W.H., Kruijshoop, M., Wagenmakers, A.J., Maximizing postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis: Carbohydrate supplementation and the application of amino acid or protein hydrolysate mixtures (2000) The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72 (1), pp. 106-111
  • Wilson, G., Hawken, M.B., Poole, I., Sparks, A., Bennett, S., Drust, B., Close, G.L., Rapid weight-loss impairs simulated riding performance and strength in jockeys: Implications for making-weight (2014) Journal of Sports Sciences, 32 (4)
Fonte de datos: Dialnet