Asociación de la calidad de vida con el rendimiento en memoria episódica. Estudio en mayores sin deterioro cognitivo

  1. Pedro Montejo-Carrasco 1
  2. M. Dolores Claver-Martín
  3. Mercedes Montenegro-Peña 1
  4. Blanca Álvarez-Crespo 1
  5. Borja Montejo-Rubio 1
  1. 1 Centro de Prevención del DeterioroCognitivo y CSM de Usera. Serviciode Prevención y Promoción de laSalud. Madrid Salud. Ayuntamientode Madrid. Madrid, España.
Journal:
Psicogeriatría

Year of publication: 2016

Volume: 6

Issue: 2

Pages: 69-80

Type: Article

GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Abstract

Introducción. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) es una medida del estado de salud basada en la valoración del individuo sobre su nivel de bienestar relacionado con su salud.Objetivos. Estudiar la relación de la CVRS con el rendimiento cognitivo, de memoria y variables de tipo subjetivo, como ladepresión y la percepción de olvidos cotidianos, y analizar los predictores de la CVRS.Sujetos y métodos. Muestra de 3.456 mayores sin deterioro cognitivo que realizan actividades preventivas (media deedad: 71,41 ± 4,70 años; rango: 65-89 años). Evaluación: CVRS, con el perfil de salud de Nottingham (PSN); rendimientocognitivo, con el miniexamen cognitivo (MEC); memoria episódica cotidiana, con el test conductual de memoria de Rivermead (RBMT), y asociativa, con los pares asociados (PPAA); percepción de olvidos cotidianos, con el cuestionario de fallosde memoria de la vida diaria (MFE), y depresión, con la escala geriátrica de depresión (GDS).Resultados. Mediante análisis factorial encontramos dos factores (51,49% de la varianza): variables con valoración subjetiva (PSN, MFE y GDS) y variables con valoración objetiva (MEC, RBMT y PPAA). La CVRS correlaciona positivamente contodas las variables, subjetivas y objetivas. En el estudio de predictores son significativas las variables subjetivas, y también,con menor tamaño de efecto, las sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, estudios) y el MEC. La memoria cotidiana y la asociativano son predictoras en el modelo final.Conclusiones. En los mayores sin deterioro cognitivo, la CVRS se asocia principalmente con variables subjetivas, como ladepresión y la percepción de olvidos. La memoria episódica es un indicador indirecto de la CVRS. Por tanto, en intervenciones con mayores, como los entrenamientos de memoria, podemos influir en la calidad de vida si modificamos el estado de ánimo y la percepción subjetiva de los olvidos.Palabras clave. Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Memoria episódica. Olvidos cotidianos. Predictores. Quejas dememoria. Rendimiento cognitivo.

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